Tanga ibisobanuro byuzuye kumiterere, ihame ryakazi, ibyiza nibibi bya axial flux compressor
Ubumenyi bujyanye na compressor ya axial
Axial flow compressors hamwe na centrifugal compressor byombi ni mubwoko bwihuta bwihuta, kandi byombi byitwa compressor turbine;ibisobanuro byubwoko bwihuta bwihuta bisobanura ko amahame yabo yakazi ashingira kumyuma kugirango akore akazi kuri gaze, hanyuma akabanza gutuma gazi itemba Umuvuduko w umuvuduko wiyongera cyane mbere yo guhindura ingufu za kinetic mumbaraga zumuvuduko.Ugereranije na centrifugal compressor, kubera ko gazi itemba muri compressor itari kumurongo wa radiyo, ariko ikerekeza ku cyerekezo cya axial, ikintu kinini kiranga compressor ya axial ni uko ubushobozi bwa gazi kuri buri gice ari kinini, kandi kimwe Mugihe cyo gutunganya ingano ya gaze, urugero rwa radiyo ni nto, cyane cyane ibereye ibihe bisaba gutemba kwinshi.Mubyongeyeho, compressor ya axial nayo ifite ibyiza byuburyo bworoshye, gukora neza no kubungabunga.Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, biragaragara ko ari munsi ya comprifugal compressor ukurikije imiterere igoye, ibisabwa murwego rwo hejuru rwo gukora, ahantu hakeye ho gukorera, hamwe no guhinduranya ibintu bito ku muvuduko uhoraho.
Igishushanyo gikurikira nigishushanyo mbonera cyimiterere ya AV ikurikirana ya axial flow compressor:
1. Chassis
Isanduku ya compressor ya axial yagenewe kugabanywa gutambitse kandi ikozwe mubyuma (ibyuma).Ifite ibiranga gukomera, nta guhindagurika, kwinjiza urusaku no kugabanya kunyeganyega.Kenyera hamwe na bolts kugirango uhuze igice cyo hejuru nigice cyo hasi mubice bikomeye cyane.
Ikariso ishyigikiwe kuri base ku ngingo enye, kandi ingingo enye zishyigikiwe zishyirwa kumpande zombi zumutwe wo hasi hafi yubuso bwagabanijwe hagati, kugirango inkunga yikigo igire ituze ryiza.Babiri muri bane bashyigikiwe ni ingingo zihamye, naho izindi ebyiri ni kunyerera.Igice cyo hepfo yikibanza nacyo gitangwa nurufunguzo ebyiri ruyobora icyerekezo cya axial, zikoreshwa mukwagura ubushyuhe bwikintu mugihe gikora.
Kubice binini, kunyerera kunyerera bishyigikirwa na swing bracket, kandi ibikoresho bidasanzwe bikoreshwa mugukora ubushyuhe bwumuriro muto no kugabanya ihinduka ryuburebure bwikigo.Mubyongeyeho, inkunga yo hagati yashyizweho kugirango yongere ubukana bwigice.
2. Umuyoboro uhagaze ufite silinderi
Umuyoboro uhagaze utwara silinderi ni silinderi yo gushyigikira ibinyabiziga bihinduka bya compressor.Yashizweho nkigice gitambitse.Ingano ya geometrike igenwa nigishushanyo cyindege, nicyo kintu cyibanze cyibishushanyo mbonera.Impeta yinjira ihuye no gufata iherezo rya vane ihagaze itwara silinderi, kandi diffuser ihuye numuhengeri.Bihujwe no gufunga no gufunga kashe kugirango bibe bihuza inzira yo gufata no kwaguka kumpera yumuriro.Umuyoboro numuyoboro byakozwe na rotor hamwe na silindiri ya vane ihujwe kugirango ikore umuyoboro wuzuye woguhuza umwuka wa compressor ya axial.
Umubiri wa silinderi ya vane ihagaze itwara silinderi ikozwe mubyuma byangiritse kandi byakozwe neza.Impera zombi zishyigikiwe kumurongo, impera yegereye uruhande rwumuyaga ni inkunga yo kunyerera, kandi impera yegereye uruhande rwo gufata ikirere ni inkunga ihamye.
Hano hari ibizunguruka bizunguruka mu nzego zitandukanye hamwe na vatike yikora, ibyuma, ibitonyanga, nibindi kuri buri cyerekezo kiyobora kuri silindari.Ikibabi gihagaze ni wino ya sherfike ifite ingaruka nziza yo kwisiga, kandi ubuzima bwumurimo burenze imyaka 25, ifite umutekano kandi wizewe.Impeta ya kashe ya silicone yashyizwe kumurongo wa vane kugirango wirinde ko gaze itinjira kandi ivumbi.Kuzuza ibipapuro bifunga kashe bitangwa kumuzenguruko winyuma wumuriro wa silinderi itwara hamwe ninkunga yikibaho kugirango wirinde kumeneka.
3. Guhindura silinderi hamwe nuburyo bwo guhindura vane
Guhindura silinderi isudira hamwe nicyuma, igabanijwe mu buryo butambitse, kandi hejuru igabanijwe hagati ihujwe na bolts, ifite ubukana bwinshi.Irashyigikirwa imbere yikibanza ku ngingo enye, kandi ibyuma bine bifasha bikozwe mu cyuma kidafite amavuta "Du".Ingingo ebyiri kuruhande rumwe zifunze igice, zemerera kugenda axial;ingingo ebyiri kurundi ruhande zatejwe imbere Ubwoko butuma axial na radial yaguka yubushyuhe, kandi impeta ziyobora ibyiciro bitandukanye byimodoka zashyizwe imbere muri silindiri ihindura.
Uburyo bwo guhinduranya ibyuma bya stator bigizwe na moteri ya servo, isahani ihuza, silinderi yo guhinduranya hamwe na silinderi ishigikira.Igikorwa cyayo ni uguhindura inguni ya stator blade kurwego rwose rwa compressor kugirango ihuze imikorere ihindagurika.Moteri ebyiri za servo zashyizwe kumpande zombi za compressor kandi ihujwe na silinderi ihinduranya binyuze mu isahani ihuza.Moteri ya servo, sitasiyo ya peteroli, umuyoboro wa peteroli, hamwe nibikoresho byigenzura byikora bikora hydraulic servo uburyo bwo guhindura inguni.Iyo amavuta ya 130bar yumuvuduko ukabije uvuye kuri sitasiyo ya peteroli ikora, piston ya moteri ya servo irasunikwa kugirango yimuke, kandi isahani ihuza itwara silinderi yoguhindura kugirango igendane icyerekezo cyerekezo cya axial, kandi slide itwara stator vane kuzunguruka unyuze muri crank, kugirango ugere ku ntego yo guhindura inguni ya stator vane.Birashobora kugaragara uhereye kubishushanyo mbonera bya aerodynamic ko igipimo cyo guhinduranya inguni ya vane inguni ya buri cyiciro cya compressor itandukanye, kandi muri rusange umubare woguhindura ugabanuka bikurikiranye kuva murwego rwa mbere kugeza kumurongo wanyuma, bishobora kugerwaho muguhitamo uburebure. ya crank, ni ukuvuga, kuva murwego rwa mbere kugeza kumurongo wanyuma wiyongera muburebure.
Guhindura silinderi nayo yitwa "silindiri yo hagati" kubera ko ishyizwe hagati yigitereko na silinderi ifite icyuma, mugihe icyuma na silinderi itwara ibyuma bita "silinderi yo hanze" na "silinderi y'imbere".Iyi miterere ya silinderi igizwe nibice bitatu igabanya cyane ihindagurika no guhangayikishwa nikintu bitewe no kwaguka kwinshi, kandi icyarimwe ikabuza uburyo bwo guhindura ibintu ivumbi n’ibyangiritse byatewe nimpamvu zituruka hanze.
4. rotor na blade
Rotor igizwe nigitereko nyamukuru, icyuma cyimuka kurwego rwose, guhagarika umwanya, amatsinda yo gufunga ibyuma, inzuki zinzuki, nibindi.
Spindle yahimbwe kuva ibyuma binini cyane.Ibigize imiti yibikoresho byingenzi bigomba kugeragezwa no gusesengurwa, kandi ibipimo ngenderwaho bigenzurwa na bisi yikizamini.Nyuma yo gutunganywa gukabije, harasabwa ikizamini gishyushye kugirango hamenyekane ubushyuhe bwacyo kandi gikureho igice gisigaye.Nyuma yuko ibipimo byavuzwe haruguru byujuje ibisabwa, birashobora gushirwa mubikorwa byo kurangiza.Nyuma yo kurangiza, kugenzura amabara cyangwa kugenzura ibice bya magnetique birasabwa kubinyamakuru kumpera zombi, kandi ntibyemewe.
Icyuma kigenda hamwe nicyuma gihagaze bikozwe mubyuma bidafite ingese, kandi ibikoresho fatizo bigomba kugenzurwa kugirango habeho imiti, imiterere yubukanishi, ibyuma bitarimo ubutare hamwe nibice.Icyuma kimaze guhanagurwa, hakorwa umusenyi utose kugirango wongere umunaniro wo hejuru.Icyuma gikora gikeneye gupima inshuro, nibiba ngombwa, gikeneye gusana inshuro.
Icyuma cyimuka cya buri cyiciro gishyirwa mukuzenguruka guhagaritse igiti kimeze nkicyuma cyumuzi wicyerekezo cyumuzenguruko, hamwe na space spacer ikoreshwa mugushira ibyuma byombi, naho gufunga spacer bikoreshwa mugushira no gufunga ibyuma byombi bigenda. yashizwe kumpera ya buri cyiciro.gukomera.
Hano hari disiki ebyiri zingana zitunganyirizwa kumpande zombi ziziga, kandi biroroshye kuringaniza uburemere mu ndege ebyiri.Isahani iringaniye hamwe na kashe ya kashe ikora piston iringaniye, ikora ikoresheje umuyoboro uringaniye kugirango iringanize igice cyingufu za axial zatewe na pneumatike, kugabanya umutwaro ku cyuma gikurura, no gukora ubwikorezi ahantu hatekanye.
5. Glande
Hariho urufunzo rwa kashe ya kashe kuruhande rwifata no kuruhande rwa compressor ikurikiranye, kandi ibyapa bya kashe byinjijwe mubice bihuye na rotor bikora kashe ya labyrint kugirango birinde gaze kumeneka no kwinjira imbere.Kugirango byorohereze kwishyiriraho no kubungabunga, birahindurwa binyuze mumwanya wo guhinduranya kumurongo winyuma wikimenyetso.
6. Agasanduku
Imirasire ya radiyo hamwe nigitonyanga cyateganijwe mubisanduku, kandi amavuta yo gusiga amavuta yakusanyirijwe mumasanduku yabyo hanyuma asubizwa mumavuta.Mubisanzwe, hepfo yagasanduku gafite ibikoresho byo kuyobora (iyo bihujwe), bifatanya nifatizo kugirango ibice bigizwe kandi byongerewe ubushyuhe muburyo bwa axial.Kubice bigabanijemo amazu, urufunguzo rutatu rwashyizwe munsi yuruhande kugirango byoroherezwe kwagura amazu.Urufunguzo rwo kuyobora urufunguzo narwo rutunganijwe kuruhande rumwe rwikariso kugirango ruhuze ikariso.Agasanduku ko gutwaramo ibikoresho bifite ibikoresho byo kugenzura nko gupima ubushyuhe, gupima ibizunguruka bya rotor, no gupima icyuma cyimuka.
7. kubyara
Ibyinshi mu byerekezo bya axor bya rotor bitwarwa nisahani iringaniye, naho ibisigisigi bya axial bigera kuri 20 ~ 40kN bitwarwa nigitereko.Amashanyarazi arashobora guhita ahindurwa ukurikije ingano yumutwaro kugirango umenye neza ko umutwaro kuri buri padi ugabanijwe neza.Imashini isunika ikozwe mubyuma bya karubone bikozwe muri Babbitt.
Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwa radiyo.Compressor ifite imbaraga nyinshi kandi yihuta ikoresha ibyuma bya elliptique, hamwe na compressor ifite imbaraga nke n'umuvuduko mwinshi ukoreshe tilting pad.
Ibice binini muri rusange bifite ibikoresho byumuvuduko mwinshi wa jacking kugirango byoroshye gutangira.Pompe yumuvuduko mwinshi itanga umuvuduko mwinshi wa 80MPa mugihe gito, kandi pisine yamavuta yumuvuduko mwinshi yashyizwe munsi ya radiyo kugirango izamure rotor kandi igabanye kwihanganira gutangira.Nyuma yo gutangira, umuvuduko wamavuta uramanuka kuri 5 ~ 15MPa.
Imiyoboro ya axial compressor ikora muburyo bwo gushushanya.Iyo imikorere yimikorere ihindutse, aho ikorera izasiga igishushanyo mbonera hanyuma yinjire ahantu hatari igishushanyo mbonera.Muri iki gihe, imiterere yikirere nyayo itandukanye nuburyo bwo gukora., kandi mubihe bimwe na bimwe, ibintu bitagenda neza.Duhereye kuri ubu, hariho ibintu byinshi bisanzwe byakazi bidahungabana: aribyo, guhinduranya akazi, guhagarara kumurimo no guhagarika akazi, kandi ibi bintu bitatu byakazi nibikorwa byindege idahungabana.
Iyo compressor ya axial ikora muri ibi bihe byakazi bidahungabana, ntabwo imikorere yakazi izagenda yangirika cyane, ariko rimwe na rimwe hazabaho kunyeganyega gukomeye, kuburyo imashini idashobora gukora mubisanzwe, ndetse nimpanuka zikomeye zangirika.
1. Kuzenguruka ahagarara ya compressor ya axial
Ubuso buri hagati yimfuruka ntoya yumurongo uhagaze hamwe numurongo ntarengwa wo gukora kumurongo wumurongo uranga umurongo wa axial flux compressor bita kuzenguruka ahahagarara, naho guhagarara kuzengurutswe mubice bibiri: guhagarara buhoro buhoro no guhagarara gitunguranye.Iyo ingano yumwuka iri munsi yumuzenguruko uhagarara kumurongo wumurongo wingenzi wa axial-flow, umuyaga uva inyuma yicyuma uzacika, kandi umwuka winjira mumashini uzaba utemba uhindagurika, bizatera icyuma kuri kubyara ubundi buryo bwo guhangayika no gutera umunaniro.
Kugirango wirinde guhagarara, uyikoresha asabwa kumenyera umurongo uranga moteri, no kunyura muri zone ihagarara vuba mugihe cyo gutangira.Mugihe cyibikorwa, inguni ntoya ya stator ntigomba kuba munsi yagaciro kateganijwe ukurikije amabwiriza yabakozwe.
2. Kubaga Axial Compressor Surge
Iyo compressor ikora ifatanije numuyoboro uhuza hamwe nubunini runaka, mugihe compressor ikora ku kigereranyo cyo hejuru cyo kugabanuka no kugabanuka kwinshi, iyo umuvuduko wa compressor utageze munsi yagaciro runaka, inyuma ya arc umwuka winyuma wibyuma bizaba gutandukana cyane kugeza igice cyahagaritswe, kandi umwuka wo mu kirere uzahungabana cyane.Kandi ukore ihindagurika hamwe nubushobozi bwumwuka hamwe nu kurwanya ikirere cyumuyoboro usohoka.Muri iki gihe, ibipimo byo mu kirere bya sisitemu y'urusobe bihindagurika cyane muri rusange, ni ukuvuga ubwinshi bw'umwuka n'umuvuduko bihinduka buri gihe hamwe na amplitude;imbaraga nijwi rya compressor byombi bihinduka mugihe runaka..Impinduka zavuzwe haruguru zirakomeye cyane, zitera fuselage kunyeganyega cyane, ndetse n'imashini ntishobora gukomeza imikorere isanzwe.Iyi phenomenon yitwa surge.
Kubera ko kwiyongera ari ibintu bibaho muri mashini yose hamwe na sisitemu y'urusobe, ntabwo bifitanye isano gusa n'ibiranga imbere imbere biranga compressor, ariko kandi biterwa nibiranga imiyoboro y'umuyoboro, kandi amplitude hamwe na frequency byiganjemo amajwi y'umuyoboro.
Ingaruka zo kwiyongera akenshi zirakomeye.Bizatera compressor rotor hamwe nibice bya stator bigenda bisimburana kumaganya no kuvunika, bigatera umuvuduko wimyanya mvaruganda bidasanzwe bitera kunyeganyega gukomeye, bikaviramo kwangirika kashe hamwe no guterura, kandi bigatuma rotor na stator bigongana., guteza impanuka zikomeye.Cyane cyane kumuvuduko ukabije wa axial flux compressor, surge irashobora gusenya imashini mugihe gito, compressor rero ntiyemerewe gukora mubihe bigoye.
Duhereye ku isesengura ryibanze ryavuzwe haruguru, birazwi ko ubwiyongere bwambere buterwa no guhagarara kuzenguruka guterwa no kudahindura ibipimo byindege hamwe na geometrike muri compressor blade cascade mubihe bitandukanye byakazi.Ariko ntabwo ibicuruzwa byose bizunguruka byanze bikunze biganisha ku kwiyongera, ibya nyuma nabyo bifitanye isano na sisitemu y'urusobe rw'imiyoboro, bityo rero kwibumbira mubintu bikabije birimo ibintu bibiri: imbere, biterwa na compressor ya axial Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, guhagarara gutunguranye bitunguranye; ;hanze, bifitanye isano n'ubushobozi n'umurongo uranga umuyoboro.Iyambere nimpamvu yimbere, mugihe iyanyuma ni imiterere yo hanze.Impamvu y'imbere iteza imbere gusa hamwe nubufatanye bwibihe byo hanze.
3. Guhagarika compressor ya axial
Umuhogo wumuhogo wa compressor urakosowe.Iyo umuvuduko w umuvuduko wiyongereye, bitewe nubwiyongere bwumuvuduko wa axial yumuyaga uhuha, umuvuduko ugereranije numuyaga ugenda wiyongera, kandi impande mbi yibitero (inguni yibitero ni inguni iri hagati yicyerekezo cyumuyaga nu mfuruka yo kwishyiriraho ya blade inlet) nayo iriyongera.Muri iki gihe, impuzandengo yo mu kirere ku gice gito cyinjira muri kasade izagera ku muvuduko w’ijwi, ku buryo gutembera muri compressor bizagera ku gaciro gakomeye kandi ntibizakomeza kwiyongera.Iyi phenomenon yitwa guhagarika.Uku guhagarika inzira yibanze igena umuvuduko ntarengwa wa compressor.Iyo umuvuduko wumuriro ugabanutse, gaze muri compressor izongera umuvuduko wogutemba bitewe nubwiyongere bwubwiyongere bwagutse, kandi guhagarika nabyo bizabaho mugihe umwuka wumuyaga ugeze kumuvuduko wijwi muri casade ya nyuma.Kubera ko umwuka wumuyaga wanyuma uhagaritswe, umuvuduko wumwuka imbere yicyuma cya nyuma uriyongera, kandi umuvuduko wumwuka uri inyuma yicyuma cya nyuma uragabanuka, bigatuma itandukaniro ryumuvuduko hagati yimbere ninyuma yicyuma cya nyuma ryiyongera, kuburyo imbaraga imbere ninyuma yicyuma cyanyuma ntiringaniye kandi hashobora kuvuka impagarara.gutera icyuma.
Iyo imiterere yicyuma hamwe na cascade ibipimo bya compressor ya axial yagenwe, ibimenyetso byayo byo guhagarika nabyo birakosorwa.Axial compressor ntabwo yemerewe gukora umwanya muremure mugace kari munsi yumurongo wa choke.
Muri rusange, kurwanya anti-cloging ya compressor ya axial ntabwo ikeneye gukomera nkigenzura rya anti-surge, igikorwa cyo kugenzura ntigisabwa kwihuta, kandi nta mpamvu yo gushyiraho aho uhagarara.Kubijyanye no gushyiraho igenzura rirwanya gufunga, birareba na compressor ubwayo Saba icyemezo.Bamwe mu bakora inganda bazirikanye gushimangira ibyuma mu gishushanyo mbonera, kugira ngo bashobore kwihanganira kwiyongera kw'imihindagurikire y'ikirere, bityo ntibakeneye gushyiraho igenzura.Niba uwabikoze adatekereza ko imbaraga zicyuma zigomba kongerwa mugihe ibintu byo guhagarika bibaye mugushushanya, ibikoresho byo kugenzura byikora bigomba gutangwa.
Gahunda yo kurwanya-gufunga gahunda ya compressor ya axial niyi ikurikira: ikinyugunyugu kirwanya anti-clogge gishyirwa kumuyoboro usohoka wa compressor, kandi ibimenyetso bibiri byerekana ibimenyetso byerekana umuvuduko winjira hamwe nigitutu cyo gusohoka byinjira icyarimwe kuri igenzura rirwanya.Iyo umuvuduko wibisohoka wimashini ugabanutse bidasanzwe kandi aho akazi gakorera kagwa munsi yumurongo wo kurwanya-guhagarika, ibimenyetso bisohoka byubuyobozi byoherezwa kuri anti-bloking kugirango valve ifunge bito, bityo umuvuduko wumwuka wiyongera , umuvuduko wo kugabanuka uragabanuka, kandi aho bakorera binjira mumurongo wo kurwanya.Hejuru yumurongo wo guhagarika, imashini ikuraho imiterere yo guhagarika.
