Moteri ni iki?
Imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi bivuga igikoresho cya electromagnetique kimenya guhindura amashanyarazi cyangwa guhererekanya hakurikijwe amategeko yo kwinjiza amashanyarazi.Moteri ihagararirwa ninyuguti M (isanzwe D) ishaje, kandi umurimo wingenzi ni ugutanga umuriro.Nka nkomoko yamashanyarazi yibikoresho byamashanyarazi cyangwa imashini zitandukanye, generator igereranwa ninyuguti ya G mumuzunguruko, kandi umurimo wingenzi ni uguhindura ingufu z'amashanyarazi ingufu za mashini.
1. Rotor.
A, kugabana moteri no gutondekanya
1. Ukurikije ubwoko bw'amashanyarazi akora, irashobora kugabanywamo moteri ya DC na moteri ya AC.
2. Ukurikije imiterere n'ihame ry'akazi, irashobora kugabanywamo moteri ya DC, moteri idafite moteri na moteri ikora.
3. Ukurikije uburyo bwo gutangira no gukora, birashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butatu: capacitor-itangira icyiciro kimwe moteri ya asinchronous moteri, capacitor-ikoresha moteri imwe ya moteri idafite moteri, capacitor-itangira icyiciro kimwe moteri idafite moteri hamwe na feri-imwe imwe- icyiciro cya moteri idahwitse.
4. Ukurikije intego, irashobora kugabanywa gutwara moteri no kugenzura moteri.
5. Ukurikije imiterere ya rotor, irashobora kugabanywa muri moteri ya squirrel-cage induction (moteri ishaje yitwa squirrel-cage asynchronous motor) na moteri ya rotor induction (ibisanzwe bishaje byitwa moteri ya asynchronous moteri).
6. Ukurikije umuvuduko wo kwiruka, irashobora kugabanywamo moteri yihuta, moteri yihuta, moteri ihora yihuta na moteri ihinduka.Moteri yihuta igabanijwemo moteri yo kugabanya ibyuma, moteri yo kugabanya amashanyarazi, moteri ya moteri na moteri ya claw-pole.
Icya kabiri, moteri ni iki?
Moteri ni ubwoko bwibikoresho bihindura ingufu zamashanyarazi ingufu za mashini.Ikoresha amashanyarazi ya elegitoronike (ni ukuvuga stator ihinduranya) kugirango itange imbaraga za magneti zuzunguruka kandi zikore kuri rotor (nka squirrel-cage ifunze aluminiyumu) kugirango ikore itara rya magnetoelectric.Moteri igabanijwemo moteri ya DC na moteri ya AC ukurikije amasoko atandukanye.Byinshi muri moteri muri sisitemu yimbaraga ni moteri ya AC, ishobora kuba moteri ya syncron cyangwa moteri idahwitse (stator magnetique yumurima wa moteri ntabwo ikomeza guhuza hamwe na rotor yihuta).Moteri igizwe ahanini na stator na rotor, kandi icyerekezo cyumuyoboro utanga ingufu mumurima wa magneti gifitanye isano nicyerekezo cyumurongo wogukurikirana na magnetiki (icyerekezo cya magnetiki).Ihame ryakazi rya moteri nuko umurima wa magneti ukora kumurongo kugirango moteri izunguruka.
Icya gatatu, imiterere shingiro ya moteri
1. Imiterere ya moteri yibice bitatu idafite moteri igizwe na stator, rotor nibindi bikoresho.
2. Moteri ya DC ifata imiterere ya octagonal yuzuye kandi yubatswe hamwe na serie ishimishije, ikwiranye na tekinoroji yo kugenzura ikenera ikenera imbere no guhindukira.Ukurikije ibyo abakoresha bakeneye, birashobora kandi gukorwa muburyo bukurikirana.Moteri ifite uburebure bwa santimetero 100 ~ 280mm nta ndishyi ihindagurika, ariko moteri ifite uburebure bwa santimetero 250mm na 280 mm irashobora gukorwa hamwe n’indishyi zihindagurika ukurikije ibihe byihariye n'ibikenewe, kandi moteri ifite uburebure bwa 315 ~ 450 mm ifite indishyi zingana.Ibipimo byo kwishyiriraho nibisabwa tekinike ya moteri ifite uburebure buri hagati ya mm 500 ~ 710 mm byujuje ubuziranenge mpuzamahanga bwa IEC, kandi kwihanganira ibipimo bya moteri byujuje ubuziranenge mpuzamahanga ISO.
Haba hari itandukaniro hagati ya moteri na moteri?
Moteri irimo moteri na generator.Nibibaho hasi ya generator na moteri, byombi biratandukanye.Moteri nimwe muburyo bwo gukora moteri, ariko moteri ikora muburyo bw'amashanyarazi, ni ukuvuga ko ihindura ingufu z'amashanyarazi mubundi buryo bw'ingufu;Ubundi buryo bwo gukora bwa moteri ni generator.Muri iki gihe, ikora muburyo bwo kubyara amashanyarazi kandi ihindura ubundi buryo bwingufu mumashanyarazi.Nyamara, moteri zimwe, nka moteri ya syncronique, muri rusange zikoreshwa nka generator, ariko zirashobora no gukoreshwa nka moteri.Moteri idafite imbaraga ikoreshwa cyane kuri moteri, ariko irashobora no gukoreshwa nka generator wongeyeho ibice byoroshye bya periferiya.