Ubumenyi kubyerekeye akuma gakonje!1. Ni ibihe bintu biranga ibyuma bikonje bikonje murugo ugereranije nibitumizwa hanze?Kugeza ubu, ibyuma bigizwe n’imashini zumisha imbeho zo mu rugo ntaho zitandukaniye cyane n’imashini zitumizwa mu mahanga, kandi ibirango mpuzamahanga bizwi cyane bikoreshwa cyane muri compressor ya firigo, ibikoresho bya firigo na firigo.Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, abakoresha bakoresha imashini ikonje ikabije kurenza iyimashini zitumizwa mu mahanga, kubera ko abakora mu gihugu basuzumye byimazeyo ibiranga abakoresha murugo, cyane cyane imiterere yikirere nibiranga buri munsi, mugihe bashushanya no gukora icyuma gikonje.Kurugero, imbaraga zo gukonjesha zikonjesha zikonjesha zikonje murugo muri rusange zisumba iz'imashini zitumizwa mu mahanga zisobanutse kimwe, zihuza neza n'ibiranga akarere kanini k'Ubushinwa ndetse n'ubushyuhe bukabije bw'ahantu hatandukanye / ibihe bitandukanye.Byongeye kandi, imashini zo murugo nazo zirarushanwa cyane kubiciro kandi zifite inyungu ntagereranywa muri serivisi nyuma yo kugurisha.Kubwibyo, imashini ikonje yo murugo irazwi cyane kumasoko yimbere.2. Ni ibihe bintu biranga akuma gakonje ugereranije na adsorption yumye?Ugereranije no gukama kwa adsorption, gukonjesha gukonjesha bifite ibintu bikurikira: no Nta gukoresha gaze, kandi kubakoresha gaze benshi, gukoresha icyuma gikonje bikiza ingufu kuruta gukoresha icyuma cya adsorption;② Nta bice bya valve byambarwa;③ Nta mpamvu yo kongera cyangwa gusimbuza amatangazo yamamaza buri gihe;Urusaku ruke rwo gukora;Maintenance Kubungabunga buri munsi biroroshye cyane, mugihe cyose akayunguruzo ka ecran yimashini ikora isukuye mugihe;⑥ Nta gisabwa kidasanzwe gisabwa mbere yo gutunganya inkomoko y’ikirere no gushyigikira compressor yo mu kirere, kandi itandukanya rusange ry’amazi n’amazi irashobora kuba yujuje ibyangombwa byinjira mu kirere byumuyaga ukonje;Dry Icyuma cyumuyaga kigira ingaruka "yo kwisukura" kuri gaze isohoka, ni ukuvuga ko ibirimo umwanda ukomeye muri gaze isohoka ari bike;⑧ Mugihe cyo gusohora kondensate, igice cyumwuka wamavuta gishobora guhurizwa mumavuta yamazi hanyuma kigasohoka hamwe na kondensate.Ugereranije nicyuma cya adsorption, "igitutu cyikime" cyumuyaga ukonje kugirango uhumeke ikirere gishobora kugera kuri 10 only gusa, bityo ubujyakuzimu bwa gaze ni buke cyane ugereranije nubwuma bwa adsorption.Mubice bitari bike byo gusaba, icyuma gikonje ntigishobora kuzuza ibisabwa murwego rwo gukama kwa gaz.Mu rwego rwa tekiniki, hashyizweho amasezerano yo gutoranya: iyo "ikime cyumuvuduko" kiri hejuru ya zeru, icyuma gikonje nicyo cyambere, kandi iyo "ikime cyumuvuduko" kiri munsi ya zeru, icyuma cya adsorption nicyo guhitamo wenyine.3. Nigute ushobora kubona umwuka wifunitse ufite ikime gito cyane?Ikime cyumuyaga uhumanye gishobora kuba -20 ℃ (umuvuduko usanzwe) nyuma yo kuvurwa nuwumye ukonje, kandi ikime gishobora kugera hejuru -60 ℃ nyuma yo kuvurwa nuwumye.Nyamara, inganda zimwe zisaba gukama cyane ikirere (nka microelectronics, isaba ikime kugera kuri -80 ℃) biragaragara ko bidahagije.Kugeza ubu, uburyo bwatejwe imbere nu rwego rwa tekiniki ni uko icyuma gikonjesha gihujwe hamwe n’icyuma cya adsorption, kandi icyuma gikonjesha gikoreshwa nkibikoresho byabanje kuvurwa byumye bya adsorption, ku buryo ubuhehere bw’umwuka uhumeka ari yagabanutse cyane mbere yo kwinjira muri adsorption yumye, hamwe numwuka uhumeka ufite ikime gito cyane urashobora kuboneka.Byongeye kandi, hasi ubushyuhe bwumwuka uhumeka winjira muri adsorption yumye, niko hasi yikime cyumuyaga uhumeka amaherezo wabonye.Dukurikije amakuru y’amahanga, iyo ubushyuhe bwinjira bwumuti wa adsorption ari 2 ℃, ikime cyumuyaga uhumeka gishobora kugera munsi -100 ℃ ukoresheje icyuma cya molekile nka adsorbent.Ubu buryo kandi bwakoreshejwe cyane mu Bushinwa.
4. Ni iki gikwiye kwitabwaho mugihe icyuma gikonje gihuye na compressor ya piston?Compressor yo mu kirere ya piston ntabwo itanga gaze ubudahwema, kandi hariho impiswi zo mu kirere iyo ikora.Umwuka wo mu kirere ufite ingaruka zikomeye kandi zirambye ku bice byose byumye bikonje, bizatera urukurikirane rwangirika rwumukanishi ukonje.Kubwibyo, mugihe icyuma gikonjesha gikoreshwa hamwe na compressor yo mu kirere ya piston, ikigega cyo mu kirere kigomba gushyirwaho kuruhande rwo hepfo ya compressor de air.5. Ni iki nakagombye kwitondera mugihe nkoresha icyuma gikonje?Hagomba kwitonderwa ibibazo bikurikira mugihe ukoresheje icyuma gikonje: flow Urujya n'uruza, umuvuduko nubushyuhe bwumwuka uhumeka bigomba kuba murwego rwemewe rwicyapa;Site Ahantu ho kwishyiriraho hagomba guhumeka umukungugu muto, kandi hari umwanya uhagije wo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe no kubungabunga imashini, kandi ntishobora gushyirwaho hanze kugirango wirinde imvura nizuba bitaziguye;(3) icyuma gikonjesha muri rusange cyemerera kwishyiriraho nta shingiro, ariko ubutaka bugomba kuringanizwa;(4) igomba kuba hafi ishoboka kubakoresha, kugirango wirinde umuyoboro muremure;Should Ntabwo hagomba kubaho gaze ishobora kwangirika mu bidukikije, kandi hagomba kwitabwaho cyane cyane kuba tutari mu cyumba kimwe gifite ibikoresho byo gukonjesha amoniya;Accuracy Akayunguruzo keza mbere yo kuyungurura icyuma gikonje gikwiye kuba gikwiye, kandi ubunyangamugayo bukabije ntabwo bukenewe kumashanyarazi akonje;Imiyoboro yinjira n’isohoka ry’amazi akonje igomba gushyirwaho mu bwigenge, cyane cyane umuyoboro usohoka ntugomba gusaranganywa n’ibindi bikoresho bikonjesha amazi kugirango wirinde inzitizi z’amazi ziterwa n’itandukaniro ry’umuvuduko;⑧ Komeza imiyoboro yikora idafunguye igihe cyose;Izina ryamatungo-ruby ntutangire gukonjesha bikomeje;Kwitabira ibipimo ngenderwaho byumwuka wafunzwe mubyukuri bivurwa nicyuma gikonje, cyane cyane mugihe ubushyuhe bwinjira nigitutu cyakazi bidahuye nagaciro kagenwe, bigomba gukosorwa hakurikijwe "coefficient de la coiffe" yatanzwe nicyitegererezo kugirango birinde gukora ibintu birenze urugero.6. Ni izihe ngaruka ziterwa n'amavuta menshi yibicu mu kirere gikonje ku mikorere yumye ikonje?Amavuta asohoka muri compressor de air aratandukanye, kurugero, amavuta asohoka ya piston yo murugo amavuta-amavuta yo kwisiga ni 65-220 mg / m3;, amavuta make yo kwisiga ikirere compressor yamavuta yuzuye ni 30 ~ 40 mg / m3;Ibyo bita amavuta adafite amavuta yo kwisiga akozwe mu Bushinwa (mubyukuri amavuta atagira amavuta) nayo afite amavuta angana na 6 ~ 15mg / m3;;Rimwe na rimwe, kubera kwangirika no kunanirwa gutandukanya peteroli na gaze muri compressor de air, ibirimo amavuta mumashanyarazi ya compressor de air aziyongera cyane.Nyuma yo guhumeka umwuka urimo amavuta menshi yinjiye mu cyuma gikonje, firime yamavuta yuzuye izapfukirana hejuru yumuringa wumuringa woguhindura ubushyuhe.Kuberako ubushyuhe bwo guhererekanya ubushyuhe bwa firime ya peteroli bwikubye inshuro 40 ~ 70 kurenza iy'umuringa, imikorere yo guhererekanya ubushyuhe bwa precooler na evaporator izagabanuka cyane, kandi mubihe bikomeye, icyuma gikonje ntigikora bisanzwe.By'umwihariko, umuvuduko wo guhumeka uragabanuka mugihe ikime kizamutse, ibinure byamavuta mumyuka yumwuka wumuyaga byiyongera bidasanzwe, kandi imiyoboro yikora ikunze guhagarikwa numwanda wamavuta.Muri iki gihe, niyo akayunguruzo ko gukuramo amavuta gahora gasimburwa muri sisitemu yumuyoboro wumukonje ukonje, ntabwo bizafasha, kandi akayunguruzo kayunguruzo yo gukuramo amavuta neza azahita ahagarikwa n’umwanda w’amavuta.Inzira nziza ni ugusana compressor yo mu kirere no gusimbuza akayunguruzo ka peteroli-gazi itandukanya amavuta, kugirango amavuta ya gaze ya gaze ashobore kugera ku gipimo gisanzwe cy’uruganda.7. Nigute ushobora gushiraho neza akayunguruzo mumashanyarazi akonje?Umwuka uhumanye uva mu kirere urimo amazi menshi y’amazi, umukungugu ukomeye ufite ubunini butandukanye, umwanda wamavuta, imyuka ya peteroli nibindi.Niba ibyo byanduye byinjiye mu cyuma gikonje, imiterere yimashini ikonje izagenda yangirika.Kurugero, kwanduza peteroli bizanduza ubushyuhe bwumuringa wumuringa muri precooler na evaporator, bizagira ingaruka ku guhana ubushyuhe;Amazi y’amazi yongerera akazi akazi ko gukonjesha gukonje, kandi umwanda ukomeye biroroshye guhagarika umwobo wamazi.Kubwibyo, muri rusange birasabwa gushiraho mbere yo kuyungurura hejuru yumuyaga winjira mu cyuma gikonjesha kugirango uyungurure umwanda no gutandukanya amavuta-amazi kugirango wirinde ibintu byavuzwe haruguru.Akayunguruzo kerekana neza mbere yo kuyungurura umwanda ukomeye ntigomba kuba hejuru cyane, muri rusange ni m 10 ~ 25μ m, ariko nibyiza ko habaho uburyo bwiza bwo gutandukanya amazi y’amazi n’umwanda.Niba akayunguruzo kayunguruzo kamashanyarazi gakonje gashizweho cyangwa ntigomba kugenwa nubuziranenge bwumukoresha kugirango umwuka uhumeke.Kuri gazi rusange yingufu, umuyoboro munini-wuzuye wa filteri irahagije.Iyo gaze ikenewe cyane, filteri ya peteroli ihuye cyangwa iyungurura ya karubone igomba gushyirwaho.8. Niki nakora kugirango ubushyuhe bwumuyaga wumuyaga bugabanuke cyane?Mu nganda zimwe na zimwe zidasanzwe, ntabwo umwuka wugarijwe gusa ufite ikime cyumuvuduko muke (ni ukuvuga amazi arimo) ariko nanone ubushyuhe bwumwuka uhumeka burasabwa kuba muke cyane, ni ukuvuga ko icyuma cyumuyaga kigomba gukoreshwa nka "dehidration air cooler".Muri iki gihe, ingamba zafashwe ni: ① guhagarika precooler (guhinduranya umwuka wo mu kirere), kugira ngo umwuka wugarijwe ukonje ku gahato na moteri idashobora gushyuha;Time icyarimwe, reba sisitemu yo gukonjesha, nibiba ngombwa, ongera imbaraga za compressor hamwe n’ahantu ho guhanahana ubushyuhe bwa moteri na kondenseri.Uburyo bworoshye busanzwe bukoreshwa mubikorwa ni ugukoresha nini nini yumye ikonje idafite precooler kugirango ihangane na gaze itemba rito.9. Ni izihe ngamba zigomba gufatwa nicyuma cyumuyaga mugihe ubushyuhe bwinjira ari hejuru cyane?Ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere bwinjira ni ikintu cyingenzi cya tekiniki yumushanyarazi ukonje, kandi ababikora bose bafite imbogamizi zigaragara kumupaka wo hejuru wubushyuhe bwikirere bwinjira bwumuyaga ukonje, kuko ubushyuhe bwikirere bwinjira ntibisobanura gusa kwiyongera kwubushyuhe bwumvikana, ariko no kwiyongera k'umwuka wumwuka mwuka uhumeka.JB / JQ209010-88 iteganya ko ubushyuhe bwinjira bwumushi ukonje butagomba kurenga 38 and, kandi abanyamahanga benshi bazwi cyane mubanyamahanga bakora ibyuma bikonje bafite amabwiriza nkaya.Byumvikane neza ko mugihe ubushyuhe bwumuriro wa compressor yumuyaga burenze 38 ℃, icyuma gikonjesha kigomba kongerwaho hepfo yumuyaga woguhumeka kugirango ugabanye ubushyuhe bwumwuka uhumeka kugeza ku giciro cyagenwe mbere yo kwinjira mubikoresho nyuma yubuvuzi.Muri iki gihe ibintu byumye bikonje murugo ni uko agaciro kemewe k'ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere bwumye bukonje buri gihe.Kurugero, ibyuma bisanzwe bikonjesha bitabanje gukonjesha byatangiye kwiyongera kuva kuri 40 ℃ mu ntangiriro ya za 90, kandi ubu habaye ibyuma bisanzwe bikonje bifite ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere bwa 50 ℃.Hatitawe ku kuba hari ibice bigize ubucuruzi cyangwa bidahari, duhereye kuri tekiniki, ubwiyongere bw'ubushyuhe bwinjira ntibugaragarira gusa mu kwiyongera kwa gaze “ubushyuhe bugaragara”, ahubwo bugaragarira no kwiyongera kw'amazi, atari byo umubano woroheje ugereranije no kwiyongera kwumutwaro wumye.Niba ubwiyongere bw'imizigo bwishyuwe no kongera imbaraga za compressor ya firigo, ntibiri kure cyane, kuko nuburyo bwubukungu kandi bunoze bwo gukoresha ubukonje bwinyuma kugirango ugabanye ubushyuhe bwumwuka uhumeka mubipimo bisanzwe byubushyuhe .Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwo gufata ubwoko bwumukonje ukonje ni uguteranya ubukonje bwinyuma kumashanyarazi akonje udahinduye sisitemu yo gukonjesha, kandi ingaruka ziragaragara cyane.10. Ni ibihe bindi bisabwa byumye bikonje bikenera ibidukikije usibye ubushyuhe?Ingaruka yubushyuhe bwibidukikije kumurimo wumukonje ukonje cyane.Byongeye kandi, icyuma gikonje gifite ibisabwa bikurikira kubidukikije bikikije: ① guhumeka: birakenewe cyane cyane kumashanyarazi akonje akonje;Umukungugu ntugomba kuba mwinshi;Should Ntabwo hagomba kubaho isoko yubushyuhe butaziguye aho ikoreshwa ryumye;Should Ntabwo hagomba kubaho gaze yangirika mu kirere, cyane cyane ammonia ntishobora kuboneka.Kuberako ammonia iri mubidukikije bifite amazi.Ifite ingaruka zikomeye zo kwangirika kumuringa.Kubwibyo, icyuma gikonje ntigomba gushyirwaho nibikoresho byo gukonjesha ammonia.
11. Ni izihe ngaruka ubushyuhe bw’ibidukikije bugira ku mikorere yumye?Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwibidukikije ntibworohewe cyane no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwa sisitemu yo gukonjesha yumye.Iyo ubushyuhe bwibidukikije buri hejuru yubushyuhe busanzwe bwa firigo, bizahatira igitutu cya firigo kwiyongera, bizagabanya ubushobozi bwa firigo ya compressor hanyuma amaherezo biganisha ku kwiyongera kwa "point dew point de point" yumuyaga uhumeka.Muri rusange, ubushyuhe bwibidukikije buri munsi ni ingirakamaro kumikorere yumye ikonje.Nyamara, ku bushyuhe buke bw’ibidukikije (urugero, munsi ya dogere selisiyusi zeru), ikime cyikime cyumuyaga ucanye ntikizahinduka cyane nubwo ubushyuhe bwumwuka uhumeka winjira mukuma kitari muke.Ariko, mugihe amazi yegeranye akuwe mumazi yikora, birashoboka ko yakonja kumazi, agomba gukumirwa.Byongeye kandi, iyo imashini ihagaritswe, amazi yegeranijwe yabanje gukusanyirizwa mu cyuma gikonjesha akonje cyangwa akabikwa mu gikombe cyo kubika amazi y’umuyoboro w’imashini ashobora guhagarara, kandi amazi akonje abitswe muri kondenseri ashobora no gukonja, yose hamwe bizatera kwangirika kubice bifitanye isano na firime ikonje.Ni ngombwa cyane kwibutsa abakoresha ko: Iyo ubushyuhe bwibidukikije buri munsi ya 2 ℃, umuyoboro woguhumeka ubwawo uba uhwanye nicyuma gikonje gikora neza.Muri iki gihe, hakwiye kwitabwaho gutunganya amazi yegeranye mu miyoboro ubwayo.Kubwibyo, abahinguzi benshi bateganya neza mubitabo byumye bikonje ko mugihe ubushyuhe buri munsi ya 2 ℃, ntukoreshe icyuma gikonje.12, umutwaro wumye ukonje biterwa nimpamvu ki?Umutwaro wumukonje ukonje biterwa namazi yumwuka uhumeka ugomba kuvurwa.Amazi menshi arimo, umutwaro uremereye.Kubwibyo, umutwaro wakazi wumukonje ukonje ntabwo ufitanye isano gusa no gutembera kwumwuka uhumeka (Nm⊃3; / min), ibipimo bigira uruhare runini kumuzigo wumukonje ukonje ni: temperature Ubushyuhe bwikirere bwinjira: hejuru yubushyuhe, niko amazi menshi ari mwikirere kandi niko umutwaro wumye ukonje;Pressure Umuvuduko wakazi: Ku bushyuhe bumwe, niko umuvuduko wumwuka wuzuye wuzuye, niko amazi menshi hamwe nuburemere bwumushi ukonje.Byongeye kandi, ubuhehere bugereranije mubidukikije byogusunika ikirere nacyo gifitanye isano namazi yuzuye yumuyaga uhumeka, bityo rero bigira ingaruka no kumurimo wakazi wumukonje ukonje: uko ubushuhe bugereranije, niko bigenda byiyongera amazi arimo gaze yuzuye gazi yuzuye kandi umutwaro uremereye wumye.13. Ese "igitutu cy'ikime" kiri hagati ya 2-10 ℃ kumashanyarazi akonje nini cyane?Abantu bamwe batekereza ko "igitutu cyikigereranyo" kiri hagati ya 2-10 ℃ kirangwa nicyuma gikonje, kandi itandukaniro ryubushyuhe ni "inshuro 5", ntabwo ari binini cyane?Uku gusobanukirwa ntabwo aribyo: ① Mbere ya byose, nta gitekerezo cy '“ibihe” hagati yubushyuhe bwa selisiyusi na selisiyusi.Nkikimenyetso cyimpuzandengo yingufu za kinetic yumubare munini wa molekile zigenda imbere yikintu, aho gutangirira kwubushyuhe bigomba kuba "zeru zero" (OK) mugihe ingendo ya molekile ihagaze burundu.Igipimo cya Centigrade gifata aho gushonga k'urubura nk'intangiriro y'ubushyuhe, ni 273.16 ℃ hejuru ya “zero zero”.Muri thermodynamic, usibye igipimo cya centigrade ℃ irashobora gukoreshwa mukubara ijyanye nigitekerezo cyimihindagurikire yubushyuhe, mugihe ikoreshwa nkibipimo bya leta, igomba kubarwa hashingiwe ku gipimo cy'ubushyuhe bwa termodinamike (nanone bita igipimo cy'ubushyuhe bwuzuye, gutangira ingingo ni zeru rwose).2 ℃ = 275.16K na 10 ℃ = 283.16K, niryo tandukaniro nyaryo hagati yabo.② Ukurikije amazi arimo gaze yuzuye, ubuhehere bwa 0.7MPa yumuyaga uhumeka kuri 2 point ikime ni 0.82 g / m3;Ubushuhe buri kuri 10 ℃ ikime ni 1.48g / m⊃3;Nta tandukaniro ry '“5 ″ inshuro hagati yabo;③ Uhereye ku isano iri hagati y’ikime cy’ikigereranyo n’ikime cy’ikirere, ingingo ya 2 ℃ ikime cy’umwuka uhumanye ihwanye na -23 point ikime cy’ikime cyo mu kirere kuri 0.7MPa, naho ikime cya 10 ℃ gihwanye na -16 w ikime cyo mu kirere. ngingo, kandi nta tandukaniro “inshuro eshanu” hagati yabo.Ukurikije ibimaze kuvugwa haruguru, "igitutu cyikigereranyo" cya 2-10 ℃ ntabwo kinini nkuko byari byitezwe.14. “Umuvuduko w'ikime” ni iki cyuma gikonje (℃)?Ku bicuruzwa by'icyitegererezo cy'abakora inganda zitandukanye, "igitutu cy'ikime" cy'icyuma gikonje gifite ibirango byinshi bitandukanye: 0 ℃, 1 ℃, 1.6 ℃, 1.7 ℃, 2 ℃, 3 ℃, 2 ~ 10 ℃, 10 ℃, n'ibindi . (muri byo 10 ℃ iboneka gusa mubicuruzwa byo hanze).Ibi bizana ikibazo cyo guhitamo umukoresha.Niyo mpamvu, bifite akamaro kanini kuganira mubyukuri ℃ “igitutu cyikime cyumuyaga” cyumye gikonje gishobora kugera.Turabizi ko "igitutu cyikime" cyumuyaga ukonje kigarukira kubintu bitatu, aribyo: ① kumurongo wo gukonjesha umurongo wo hasi wubushyuhe bwuka;.③ Bitewe nuko imikorere yo gutandukanya "gazi-amazi itandukanya" idashobora kugera 100%.Ni ibisanzwe ko ubushyuhe bwa nyuma bwo gukonjesha umwuka wugarijwe na moteri iri hejuru ya 3-5 ℃ hejuru yubushyuhe bwo guhumeka bwa firigo.Kugabanya cyane ubushyuhe bwuka ntibizafasha;Bitewe no kugabanuka kwimikorere ya gaz-amazi itandukanya, amazi make yegeranye azagabanuka kugeza kumyuka muguhana ubushyuhe bwa precooler, bizongera kandi amazi yumuyaga uhumeka.Izi ngingo zose hamwe, biragoye cyane kugenzura "igitutu cyikime" cyumuyaga ukonje uri munsi ya 2 ℃.Kubijyanye na label ya 0 ℃, 1 ℃, 1.6 ℃, 1.7 ℃, akenshi usanga ibice byamamaza ibicuruzwa birenze ingaruka zifatika, abantu rero ntibagomba kubyitaho cyane.Mubyukuri, ntabwo aribisanzwe bisabwa kugirango ababikora bashireho "igitutu cyikime" cyumuyaga ukonje uri munsi ya 10 ℃.Igipimo gisanzwe cya JB / JQ209010-88 “Imiterere ya tekiniki yo guhumeka ikirere gikonjesha ikirere” cya Minisiteri y’imashini giteganya ko “ikime cy’umuvuduko” w’icyuma gikonjesha ari 10 ℃ (kandi haratanzwe ibisabwa);Nyamara, igihugu cyasabwe na GB / T12919-91 "Igikoresho cyogeza ikirere cyo mu kirere kigenzurwa n’ikirere" gisaba aho ikime cyumuyaga w’ikirere cyumisha -17 ~ -25 ℃, bihwanye na 2 ~ 10 ℃ kuri 0.7MPa.Abenshi mu bakora uruganda batanga urugero ntarengwa (urugero, 2-10 ℃) kuri "igitutu cyikime" cyumuyaga ukonje.Ukurikije imipaka yacyo yo hasi, ndetse no munsi yuburemere buke, ntihazabaho ubukonje imbere yumye.Umupaka wo hejuru ugaragaza ibipimo byamazi byerekana ko icyuma gikonje kigomba kugera kumurimo wateganijwe.Mubihe byiza byakazi, bigomba gushoboka kubona umwuka wugarije hamwe n "" ikime cyumuvuduko "kingana na 5 ℃ ukoresheje icyuma gikonje.Ubu rero ni uburyo bukomeye bwo kuranga.15. Ni ibihe bipimo bya tekinike yumye ikonje?Ibipimo bya tekiniki yumye ikonje cyane harimo: kwinjiza (Nm⊃3; / min), ubushyuhe bwinjira (℃), umuvuduko wakazi (MPa), kugabanuka k'umuvuduko (MPa), imbaraga za compressor (kW) no gukoresha amazi akonje (t / h).Intego yibikoresho byumushi ukonje- "igitutu cyikime" (℃) mubusanzwe ntabwo irangwa nkibintu byigenga kuri "imikorere yerekana imikorere" murutonde rwibicuruzwa byakozwe nabanyamahanga.Impamvu nuko "igitutu cyikime" gifitanye isano nibintu byinshi byumwuka uhumeka ugomba kuvurwa.Niba "igitutu cy'ikime" cyashyizweho ikimenyetso, ibintu bijyanye (nk'ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere bwinjira, umuvuduko w'akazi, ubushyuhe bw’ibidukikije, n'ibindi) bigomba no gushyirwaho.16, bikunze gukoreshwa byumye bikonje bigabanijwemo ibyiciro byinshi?Ukurikije uburyo bwo gukonjesha bwa kondenseri, bikunze gukoreshwa byumye bikonje bigabanijwe muburyo bukonjesha ikirere nubwoko bukonjesha amazi.Ukurikije ubushyuhe buri hejuru kandi buke, hari ubwoko bwo gufata ubushyuhe bwinshi (munsi ya 80 ℃) nubwoko busanzwe bwo gufata (hafi 40 ℃);Ukurikije igitutu cyakazi, irashobora kugabanywa muburyo busanzwe (0.3-1.0 MPa) nubwoko buciriritse kandi bwo hejuru (hejuru ya 1.2MPa).Byongeye kandi, ibyuma byumye bikonje bidasanzwe birashobora gukoreshwa mu kuvura itangazamakuru ritari mu kirere, nka dioxyde de carbone, hydrogène, gaze gasanzwe, gaze itanura rya gaz, azote n'ibindi.17. Nigute ushobora kumenya umubare numwanya wamazi yikora mumashanyarazi akonje?Kwimura kwambere kwimashini zikoresha ni bike.Niba icyarimwe, ubwinshi bwamazi yegeranye atangwa nicyuma gikonje aruta icyimurwa cyikora, noneho hazaba amazi yegeranye muri mashini.Igihe kirenze, amazi yegeranye azegeranya byinshi kandi byinshi.Kubwibyo, mumashanyarazi manini kandi aringaniye yumye, hashyirwaho imiyoboro irenga ibiri yikora kugirango barebe ko amazi yegeranye adakusanyiriza mumashini.Imashini itwara imashini igomba gushyirwaho hepfo ya precooler na evaporator, cyane cyane munsi ya gaze-amazi.
18. Ni iki nakagombye kwitondera mugihe nkoresha imashini ikora?Mu cyuma gikonje, icyuma cyikora gishobora kuvugwa ko gikunze gutsindwa.Impamvu nuko amazi yegeranye asohorwa nuwumye akonje ntabwo ari amazi meza, ahubwo ni amazi yuzuye avanze n’umwanda ukomeye (umukungugu, ibyondo byangiza, nibindi) hamwe n’umwanda w’amavuta (bityo imiyoboro yikora nayo yitwa "guhita byikora"), byoroshye guhagarika umwobo wamazi.Kubwibyo, akayunguruzo gashizwe ku bwinjiriro bwikora.Ariko, niba akayunguruzo gakoreshwa mugihe kirekire, bizahagarikwa numwanda wamavuta.Niba idasukuwe mugihe, imiyoboro yikora izabura imikorere yayo.Ni ngombwa rero cyane koza ecran ya ecran muri drainer mugihe gisanzwe.Mubyongeyeho, imiyoboro yikora igomba kuba ifite igitutu runaka cyo gukora.Kurugero, umuvuduko muke wakazi wibisanzwe bikoreshwa na RAD-404 byikora ni 0.15MPa, kandi imyuka yo mu kirere izabaho mugihe umuvuduko ari muke.Ariko igitutu ntigomba kurenza agaciro kagenwe kugirango wirinde igikombe cyo kubika amazi guturika.Iyo ubushyuhe bwibidukikije buri munsi ya zeru, amazi yegeranye mu gikombe cyo kubika amazi agomba kuvomwa kugirango birinde ubukonje n’ubukonje.19. Imashini itwara imashini ikora ite?Iyo urwego rwamazi mu gikombe cyo kubika amazi yamazi ageze ku burebure runaka, umuvuduko wumwuka uhumeka uzafunga umwobo wamazi munsi yumuvuduko wumupira ureremba, utazatera umwuka.Mugihe urwego rwamazi mu gikombe cyo kubika amazi ruzamutse (muri iki gihe nta mazi afite mu cyuma gikonje), umupira ureremba uzamuka mu burebure runaka, uzafungura umwobo w’amazi, kandi amazi yegeranye mu gikombe azasohoka hanze yimashini byihuse munsi yumuvuduko wumwuka.Amazi yegeranye amaze gushira, umupira ureremba ufunga umwobo wamazi bitewe nigitutu cyumuyaga.Kubwibyo, icyuma cyikora nicyuma kizigama ingufu.Ntabwo ikoreshwa gusa mu byuma bikonje gusa, ahubwo ikoreshwa cyane mubigega byo kubika gaze, nyuma yo gukonjesha hamwe nibikoresho byo kuyungurura.Usibye gukoresha umupira usanzwe ukoreshwa kureremba, ibyuma bya elegitoroniki byikora byigihe kinini bikoreshwa, bishobora guhindura igihe cyamazi nintera iri hagati yimiyoboro ibiri, kandi birashobora kwihanganira umuvuduko mwinshi kandi bigakoreshwa cyane.20. Ni ukubera iki hagomba gukoreshwa imiyoboro yikora mu cyuma gikonje?Kugirango usohore amazi yegeranye mumashanyarazi akonje mumashini mugihe kandi neza, inzira yoroshye nukwugurura umwobo wamazi kumpera yumuyaga, kugirango amazi yegeranye akomoka mumashini ashobore gusohoka.Ariko ibibi byayo nabyo biragaragara.Kuberako umwuka wugarijwe uzahora usohoka mugihe ukuramo amazi, umuvuduko wumwuka uhumeka uzagabanuka vuba.Ibi ntabwo byemewe kuri sisitemu yo gutanga ikirere.Nubwo bishoboka kuvoma amazi intoki kandi buri gihe ukoresheje intoki, igomba kongera imbaraga zabantu no kuzana urukurikirane rwibibazo byubuyobozi.Ukoresheje icyuma cyikora, amazi yegeranijwe mumashini arashobora guhita akurwaho buri gihe (mubwinshi).21. Ni ubuhe butumwa bwo gusohora kanseri mu gihe cyo gukora icyuma cyangiza ikirere?Iyo icyuma gikonje gikora, amazi menshi yegeranye azegeranya mubunini bwa precooler na evaporator.Niba amazi yegeranye adasohotse mugihe kandi rwose, akuma gakonje kazahinduka ikigega cyamazi.Ibisubizo ni ibi bikurikira: amount Umubare munini wamazi yamazi yashizwe muri gaze ya gaze, bigatuma akazi ka firime ikonje kidafite icyo bivuze;(2) amazi y'amazi muri mashini agomba gukuramo ingufu nyinshi zikonje, bizamura umutwaro wumukonje ukonje;Kugabanya ahantu hazenguruka umwuka wugarijwe no kongera umuvuduko wumwuka.Kubwibyo, ni garanti yingenzi kumikorere isanzwe yumye ikonje kugirango isohore amazi yegeranye mumashini mugihe kandi neza.22, umuyaga wumuyaga hamwe namazi bigomba guterwa nikime kidahagije?Kuma k'umwuka uhumanye bivuga ubwinshi bw'amazi avanze n'umwuka wumye.Niba imyuka y'amazi ari nto, umwuka uzaba wumye, naho ubundi.Umwuma wumwuka uhumanye upimwa n "" ikime cyumuvuduko ".Niba "igitutu cy'ikime" kiri hasi, umwuka ucanye uzaba wumye.Rimwe na rimwe, umwuka wafunzwe usohoka mu cyuma gikonje uzavangwa n’igitonyanga gito cy’amazi y’amazi, ariko ibi ntabwo byanze bikunze biterwa n’ikime kidahagije cy’umwuka uhumeka.Kubaho ibitonyanga byamazi mumazi birashobora guterwa no kwegeranya amazi, gutemba nabi cyangwa gutandukana kutuzuye mumashini, cyane cyane kunanirwa guterwa no guhagarika imiyoboro yikora.Umwuka wumuyaga wamazi ufite amazi ni mubi kuruta ikime, gishobora kuzana ingaruka mbi kubikoresho bya gaze yo hepfo, bityo rero impamvu zigomba kubimenya no kuvaho.23. Ni irihe sano riri hagati yimikorere yo gutandukanya gaz-amazi nigabanuka ryumuvuduko?Muri gazi ya gazi-itandukanya amazi (yaba baffle iringaniye, V-baffle cyangwa spiral baffle), kongera umubare wa baffles no kugabanya intera (ikibanza) cya baffles birashobora kunoza imikorere yo gutandukanya amavuta namazi.Ariko icyarimwe, bizana kandi kwiyongera k'umuvuduko ukabije w'umwuka uhumeka.Byongeye kandi, intera ya hafi ya baffle izabyara umwuka mubi, bityo uku kwivuguruza kugomba kwitabwaho mugushushanya.24, nigute wasuzuma uruhare rwitandukanya gazi-amazi mumashanyarazi akonje?Mu cyuma gikonje, gutandukanya umwuka n'amazi bibaho muburyo bwose bwumwuka uhumeka.Ubwinshi bwibisahani byateguwe muri precooler na evaporator birashobora guhagarika, gukusanya no gutandukanya amazi yegeranye muri gaze.Igihe cyose kondensate yatandukanijwe irashobora gusohoka mumashini mugihe kandi neza, umwuka wugarijwe hamwe nikime runaka ushobora no kuboneka.Kurugero, ibisubizo byapimwe byubwoko runaka bwumukonje ukonje byerekana ko hejuru ya 70% byamazi yegeranye asohoka mumashini numuyoboro wikora mbere yo gutandukanya gaze-amazi, nibitonyanga byamazi bisigaye (ibyinshi muribi cyane neza mubunini buke) amaherezo ifatwa neza nogutandukanya gazi-amazi hagati ya moteri na precooler.Nubwo umubare wibi bitonyanga byamazi ari muto, bifite ingaruka zikomeye kuri "point dew point de point";Iyo zimaze kwinjira muri precooler hanyuma zikagabanywa no guhumeka hifashishijwe umwuka wa kabiri, amazi yumuyaga wafunzwe aziyongera cyane.Kubwibyo, gutandukanya gazi-amazi meza kandi afite uruhare runini mugutezimbere imikorere yimashini ikonje.25. Ni izihe mbogamizi zitandukanya gaz-amazi itandukanya ikoreshwa?Nibyiza cyane gukoresha akayunguruzo nka gazi-amazi itandukanya icyuma gikonje, kubera ko kuyungurura imikorere ya filteri kubitonyanga byamazi bifite ubunini buke bishobora kugera 100%, ariko mubyukuri, hariho akayunguruzo gake gakoreshwa muri icyuma gikonje cyo gutandukanya amazi-amazi.Impamvu nizo zikurikira: ① Iyo ikoreshejwe mumazi menshi yibicu, ibintu byo kuyungurura birahagarikwa byoroshye, kandi biragoye kubisimbuza;Is Ntaho bihuriye nibitonyanga byamazi bitobito kurenza ubunini buke;Is Birahenze.26. Niyihe mpamvu ikora yo gutandukanya gaz-amazi yatandukanije?Gutandukanya inkubi y'umuyaga nayo ni inertial itandukanya, ikoreshwa cyane mugutandukanya gaze-ikomeye.Nyuma yuko umwuka ucometse winjiye mubitandukanya ukurikije icyerekezo gifatika cyurukuta, ibitonyanga byamazi bivanze muri gaze nabyo bizunguruka hamwe bikabyara ingufu za centrifugal.Ibitonyanga byamazi hamwe nimbaraga nini bitanga ingufu nini ya centrifugal, kandi mugikorwa cyingufu za centrifugal, ibitonyanga binini byamazi bimukira kurukuta rwinyuma, hanyuma bigateranya bigakura nyuma yo gukubita urukuta rwinyuma (na baffle) hanyuma bigatandukana na gaze ;Nyamara, ibitonyanga byamazi bifite ingano ntoya yimukira mumurongo wo hagati hamwe numuvuduko mubi bitewe nigitutu cya gaze.Ababikora akenshi bongeramo uruzitiro rwitandukanya rya cyclone kugirango bongere ingaruka zo gutandukana (kandi byongere umuvuduko ukabije).Ariko, kubera ko hariho akarere k’umuvuduko mubi hagati yikizunguruka cyumuyaga, ibitonyanga bito byamazi bifite imbaraga nke za centrifugal byinjizwa byoroshye muri precooler numuvuduko mubi, bigatuma ikime cyiyongera.Uku gutandukanya kandi nigikoresho kidakora neza mugutandukanya gazi ikomeye yo gukuraho ivumbi, kandi ryagiye risimburwa buhoro buhoro nogukusanya ivumbi ryiza cyane (nka precipitator ya electrostatike hamwe nudukariso twumukungugu).Niba ikoreshwa nkibintu bitandukanya amazi mumashanyarazi akonje nta gihindutse, imikorere yo gutandukana ntabwo izaba hejuru cyane.Kandi kubera imiterere igoye, ni ubuhe bwoko bwa "cyclone itandukanya" idafite uruziga rudakoreshwa cyane mu cyuma gikonje.27. Nigute itandukanya gazi-amazi itandukanya ikora mumashanyarazi akonje?Gutandukanya Baffle ni ubwoko bwo gutandukanya inertial.Ubu bwoko bwo gutandukanya, cyane cyane “louver” itandukanya baffle igizwe na baffles nyinshi, yakoreshejwe cyane mumashanyarazi akonje.Bafite ingaruka nziza yo gutandukanya amazi-amazi kumatonyanga y'amazi hamwe no gukwirakwiza ingano nini.Kuberako ibikoresho bya baffle bifite ingaruka nziza zo gutonyanga kumatonyanga yamazi, nyuma yigitonyanga cyamazi gifite ubunini butandukanye bugonganye na baffle, hazabyara igice gito cyamazi hejuru yigitereko kugirango gitemba hejuru ya baffle, namazi ibitonyanga bizateranira mubice binini kuruhande rwa baffle, kandi ibitonyanga byamazi bizatandukana numwuka munsi yububasha bwazo.Ifatwa ryimikorere ya baffle itandukanya biterwa numuvuduko wumuyaga, imiterere ya baffle hamwe nintera ya baffle.Abantu bamwe bize ko igipimo cyo gufata amazi yigitonyanga cya V kikubye kabiri inshuro ebyiri zindege.Gutandukanya gazi-amazi-amazi arashobora kugabanywamo ibice byo kuyobora hamwe na spiral baffle ukurikije baffle switch na gahunda.(Icya nyuma nicyo gikunze gukoreshwa "gutandukanya cyclone");Urujijo rwo gutandukanya baffle rufite igipimo gito cyo gufata uduce duto duto, ariko mu cyuma gikonje, ibice bikomeye byo mu kirere cyugarijwe hafi ya byose bikikijwe na firime y’amazi, bityo baffle irashobora kandi gutandukanya ibice bikomeye hamwe mugihe ifata ibitonyanga byamazi.28. Ni kangahe imikorere yo gutandukanya gaze-amazi igira ingaruka ku kime?Nubwo gushiraho umubare munini wamazi mumazi yangiritse yumuyaga birashobora rwose gutandukanya ibitonyanga byamazi byegeranye na gaze, ibyo bitonyanga byamazi bifite ubunini buke, cyane cyane amazi yegeranye nyuma yo gutangara kwanyuma, arashobora kwinjira mumyuka.Niba idahagaritswe, iki gice cyamazi yegeranye kizahinduka umwuka wumuyaga mugihe gishyushye muri precooler, bizongera ikime cyumuyaga uhumeka.Kurugero, 1 nm3 ya 0.7MPa;Ubushyuhe bwumwuka uhumanye mukuma ukonje wagabanutse uva kuri 40 ℃ (ibirimo amazi ni 7.26g) ukagera kuri 2 ℃ (amazi arimo 0.82g), naho amazi akorwa nubukonje bukonje ni 6.44 g.Niba 70% (4.51g) y'amazi ya kondensate “itandukanijwe” kandi igasohoka muri mashini mugihe cya gazi, haracyari 1.93g y'amazi ya kondensate agomba gufatwa no gutandukanywa n '“gazi-itandukanya amazi”;Niba imikorere yo gutandukanya "gazi-amazi itandukanya" ari 80%, 0.39g yamazi yamazi amaherezo azinjira muri precooler hamwe numwuka, aho umwuka wamazi uzagabanywa no guhumeka kwa kabiri, kugirango imyuka yamazi irimo umwuka uhumanye uziyongera kuva kuri 0.82g kugeza kuri 1.21g, naho "igitutu cyikime cyumuyaga" cyumuyaga ucuramye kizamuka kigere kuri 8 ℃.Niyo mpamvu, bifite akamaro kanini kunoza itandukanyirizo ryitandukanya ryamazi-yamazi atandukanya akuma akonje kugirango agabanye ikime cyumuvuduko wumwuka uhumeka.29, umwuka uhumanye hamwe na kondensate nuburyo bwo gutandukana?Inzira yo kubyara kondensate no gutandukanya amazi-mumazi akonje bitangirana numwuka uhumeka winjira mu cyuma gikonje.Nyuma ya plaque ya baffle imaze gushyirwaho muri precooler na evaporator, ubu buryo bwo gutandukanya amazi n'amazi biba byinshi.Ibitonyanga byamazi byegeranye biraterana kandi bigakura bitewe ningaruka zuzuye zicyerekezo cyo guhindura icyerekezo hamwe nuburemere bwimbaraga nyuma yo kugongana, hanyuma amaherezo akamenya gutandukanya amavuta namazi munsi yububasha bwabo.Turashobora kuvuga ko igice kinini c'amazi ya kondensate mu cyuma gikonje gitandukanijwe n'amazi ya parike hamwe no gufata "spontaneous" mugihe cyo gutemba.Kugirango ufate ibitonyanga bito byamazi bisigaye mu kirere, hashyirwaho kandi uburyo bwihariye bwo gutandukanya gazi n’amazi ashyirwa mu cyuma gikonje kugira ngo amazi y’amazi yinjira mu muyoboro usohoka, bityo bigabanye “ikime” cy’umwuka uhumeka cyane. bishoboka.30. Nigute amazi yegeranye yumye akonje akorwa?Nyuma yubushyuhe busanzwe bwuzuye ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere bwinjiye mu cyuma gikonje, umwuka wamazi urimo urimo uhurira mumazi yamazi muburyo bubiri, aribwo, ap imyuka yamazi ihura neza nubukonje bwubukonje nubukonje hamwe nubushyuhe buke bwubuso bwa precooler na evaporator (nkubuso bwinyuma bwubushyuhe bwo guhanahana ubushyuhe bwumuringa, amababa yumucyo, isahani ya baffle hamwe nubuso bwimbere bwigikonoshwa) nkibitwara (nkibikorwa byo guhuza ikime hejuru yubusanzwe);.Ingano yambere yibitonyanga byamazi biterwa nubunini bwa “nucleus nucleus”.Niba ingano yubunini bwikwirakwizwa ryimyanda ikomeye ivanze numwuka wugarijwe winjira mukuma ukonje mubisanzwe uri hagati ya 0.1 na 25 μ, noneho ingano yambere yambere yamazi yegeranye byibuze itondekanya ubunini.Byongeye kandi, mugikorwa cyo gukurikira umwuka wugarije umwuka, ibitonyanga byamazi biragongana kandi bigaterana buri gihe, kandi ingano yabyo izakomeza kwiyongera, kandi nyuma yo kwiyongera kurwego runaka, bazatandukana na gaze nuburemere bwabo.Kuberako uduce twinshi twumukungugu utwarwa numwuka ucuramye ugira uruhare rwa "condensation nucleus" mugikorwa cyo gukora kondegene, biranadutera imbaraga zo gutekereza ko inzira yo gukora kondensate mu cyuma gikonje ari inzira "yo kwisukura" yumuyaga uhumanye .