Byuzuye!Impapuro nyinshi zisanzwe zo guhumeka imyanda yo kugarura ubushyuhe
Impapuro nyinshi zisanzwe zo guhumeka imyanda yo kugarura ubushyuhe
.Ubu buryo bukungahaye hamwe nuburyo bwo kugarura ubushyuhe bwimyanda ya compressor irashobora gukoreshwa mugukoresha no kwakirwa ninzego zibishinzwe hamwe nabatekinisiye bashinzwe ubwubatsi kugirango barusheho kugarura ubushyuhe bw’imyanda, kugabanya ingufu z’inganda, no kugabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije.Guhumanya ubushyuhe bigera ku ntego yo kuzigama ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije.
Intangiriro
Iyo compressor yo mu kirere ikora, izabyara ubushyuhe bwinshi bwo kwikuramo, mubisanzwe iki gice cyingufu zisohoka mukirere binyuze muri sisitemu ikonje cyangwa ikonjesha amazi yikigo.Kugarura ubushyuhe bwa compressor birakenewe kugirango ugabanye igihombo cya sisitemu yo mu kirere no kongera umusaruro wabakiriya.
Hariho ubushakashatsi bwinshi kubijyanye na tekinoroji yo kuzigama ingufu zo kugarura imyanda, ariko inyinshi muri zo zibanda gusa ku guhinduranya amavuta y’amavuta ya compressor yatewe na peteroli.Iyi ngingo irerekana amahame yimikorere ya compressor nyinshi zisanzwe zisanzwe hamwe nibiranga sisitemu yo kugarura ubushyuhe bwimyanda kuburyo burambuye, kugirango dusobanukirwe neza nuburyo nuburyo bwo kugarura ubushyuhe bwimyanda ya compressor de air, bishobora kugarura neza ubushyuhe bwimyanda, kugabanya ibiciro byingufu za ibigo, no kugera ku ntego yo kuzigama ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije.
Impapuro nyinshi zisanzwe zo guhumeka imyuka yo kugarura ubushyuhe yatangijwe:
Isesengura ryimyanda yubushyuhe bwamavuta yatewe na screw compressor
① Isesengura ryihame ryakazi rya peteroli yatewe na compressor air compressor
Amavuta yinjizwamo amavuta ya compressor ni ubwoko bwa compressor de air ifite umugabane mwinshi ku isoko
Amavuta muri compressor yamavuta yatewe mumavuta afite imikorere itatu: gukonjesha-gukurura ubushyuhe bwo kwikuramo, gufunga no gusiga.
Inzira yo mu kirere: Umwuka wo hanze winjira mumutwe wa mashini unyuze muyunguruzi kandi ugahagarikwa na screw.Uruvange rw'amavuta n'umwuka rusohoka mu cyambu gisohoka, rukanyura muri sisitemu y'imiyoboro hamwe na sisitemu yo gutandukanya amavuta n'umwuka, kandi rukinjira mu cyuma gikonjesha kugira ngo rugabanye umwuka wo mu rwego rwo hejuru ugabanuka ku rwego rwemewe..
Inzira ya peteroli: Uruvange rwamavuta-mwuka rusohoka hanze ya moteri nkuru.Nyuma yo gukonjesha amavuta yatandukanijwe numwuka ugabanijwe muri silindiri yo gutandukanya amavuta na gaze, yinjira muri firime ya peteroli kugirango ikureho ubushyuhe bwamavuta yubushyuhe bwo hejuru.Amavuta akonje yongeye guterwa muri moteri nkuru binyuze mumuzunguruko wa peteroli.Ubukonje, kashe hamwe n'amavuta.inshuro nyinshi.
Ihame ryimyanda yubushyuhe bwo kugarura amavuta yatewe na compressor yumuyaga
Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe n’umuvuduko mwinshi wa peteroli-gazi ivanze no kwikuramo umutwe wa compressor itandukanijwe mugutandukanya amavuta na gaze, kandi amavuta yubushyuhe bwo hejuru yinjizwa mumashanyarazi ahindura umuyoboro usohora amavuta ya peteroli -gas gutandukanya.Ingano ya peteroli muri compressor de air na bypass byaragabanijwe kugirango harebwe niba ubushyuhe bwamavuta yagarutse butari munsi yubushyuhe bwo kurinda amavuta ya compressor de air.Amazi akonje kuruhande rwamazi ahinduranya ubushyuhe ahana ubushyuhe namavuta yubushyuhe bwo hejuru, kandi amazi ashyushye arashobora gukoreshwa mumazi ashyushye yo murugo, gushyushya ubukonje, gushyushya amazi yo guteka, gutunganya amazi ashyushye, nibindi.
Birashobora kugaragara ku gishushanyo cyavuzwe haruguru ko amazi akonje mu kigega cy’amazi abika ubushyuhe ahinduranya ubushyuhe n’igikoresho cyo kugarura ingufu imbere muri compressor de air binyuze muri pompe y’amazi azenguruka, hanyuma agasubira mu kigega cy’amazi abika ubushyuhe.
Sisitemu irangwa nibikoresho bike hamwe no guhanahana ubushyuhe bwinshi.Icyakora, hagomba kumenyekana ko ibikoresho byo kugarura ingufu bifite ibikoresho byiza bigomba gutoranywa, kandi bigomba guhora bisukurwa buri gihe, bitabaye ibyo biroroshye gutera inzitizi bitewe nubushyuhe bukabije cyangwa kumeneka ibikoresho byo guhanahana ubushyuhe kugirango byanduze iherezo rya porogaramu.
Sisitemu ikora guhanahana ubushyuhe bubiri.Sisitemu y'ibanze ihanahana ubushyuhe nigikoresho cyo kugarura ingufu ni sisitemu ifunze, kandi sisitemu ya kabiri irashobora kuba sisitemu ifunguye cyangwa sisitemu ifunze.
Sisitemu ifunze kuruhande rwibanze ikoresha amazi meza cyangwa amazi yatoboye kugirango azenguruke, bishobora kugabanya ibyangiritse kubikoresho bigarura ingufu biterwa no gupima amazi.Mugihe habaye kwangirika kwimyanya yubushyuhe, uburyo bwo gushyushya kuruhande rusaba ntibwanduye.
Ibyiza byo gushiraho ibikoresho byo kugarura ingufu zubushyuhe kuri compressor yatewe na peteroli
Nyuma yo gushiramo amavuta ya screw air compressor yashizwemo nigikoresho cyo kugarura ubushyuhe, bizagira inyungu zikurikira:
(1) Hagarika umuyaga ukonjesha wa compressor yo mu kirere ubwayo cyangwa kugabanya igihe cyo gukora cyabafana.Igikoresho cyo kugarura ingufu z'ubushyuhe gikeneye gukoresha pompe yamazi azenguruka, kandi moteri ya pompe yamazi ikoresha ingufu zamashanyarazi.Umufana wo kwikonjesha ntabwo akora, kandi imbaraga zuyu mufana muri rusange ziruta inshuro 4-6 kurenza izo pompe yamazi azenguruka.Kubwibyo, iyo umuyaga umaze guhagarara, irashobora kuzigama ingufu inshuro 4-6 ugereranije nogukoresha ingufu za pompe izenguruka.Byongeye kandi, kubera ko ubushyuhe bwamavuta bushobora kugenzurwa neza, umuyaga usohora mucyumba cyimashini urashobora gufungura gake cyangwa ntanumwe rwose, ushobora kuzigama ingufu.
⑵.Hindura imyanda mumazi ashyushye nta yandi mashanyarazi akoreshwa.
Increase, ongera iyimurwa rya compressor yo mu kirere.Kubera ko ubushyuhe bwo gukora bwa compressor de air bushobora kugenzurwa neza murwego rwa 80 ° C kugeza 95 ° C nigikoresho cyo kugarura ibintu, kwibumbira hamwe kwamavuta birashobora gukomeza kuba byiza, kandi nubunini bwa compressor de air biziyongera 2 % ~ 6%, bihwanye no kuzigama ingufu.Ibi ni ingenzi cyane cyane kuri compressor zo mu kirere zikora mu cyi, kubera ko muri rusange mu cyi, ubushyuhe bw’ibidukikije buri hejuru, kandi ubushyuhe bw’amavuta burashobora kuzamuka kugera kuri 100 ° C, amavuta akoroha, ubukana bw’umwuka bukaba bubi, n’ubunini bwuzuye bizagabanuka.Kubwibyo, igikoresho cyo kugarura ubushyuhe kirashobora kwerekana ibyiza byacyo mugihe cyizuba.
Amavuta adafite amavuta ya compressor yimyanda isubirana ubushyuhe
① Isesengura ryihame ryakazi rya peteroli itagira amavuta
Compressor yo mu kirere ikiza imirimo myinshi mugihe cyo kwikuramo isothermal, kandi ingufu zamashanyarazi zikoreshwa zihindurwamo cyane cyane imbaraga zo guhumeka zishobora guhumeka ikirere, zishobora kubarwa ukurikije formula (1):
Ugereranije na compressor zo mu kirere zatewe amavuta, compressor zitagira amavuta zidafite amavuta zifite amahirwe menshi yo kugarura ubushyuhe.
Bitewe no kutagira ingaruka zo gukonjesha amavuta, inzira yo kwikuramo itandukana no kwikuramo isothermal, kandi imbaraga nyinshi zihindurwamo ubushyuhe bwo guhumeka bwumwuka uhumanye, iyi nayo ikaba ari nayo mpamvu yubushyuhe bwinshi bwubushyuhe bwamavuta adafite amavuta ya compressor.Kugarura iki gice cyingufu zubushyuhe no kugikoresha mumazi yinganda zikoresha inganda, preheater n'amazi yo mu bwiherero bizagabanya cyane gukoresha ingufu z'umushinga, bityo bigere kuri karuboni nkeya no kurengera ibidukikije.
Shingiro
① Isesengura ryihame ryakazi rya centrifugal compressor
Compressor yo mu kirere ya centrifugal itwarwa nuwisunika kuzunguruka gaze kumuvuduko mwinshi, kugirango gaze itanga ingufu za centrifugal.Bitewe no gukwirakwiza gazi mu cyuma, umuvuduko w’umuvuduko n’umuvuduko wa gaze nyuma yo kunyura muri moteri byiyongera, kandi umwuka ucogora ukomeza gukorwa.Centrifugal air compressor igizwe ahanini nibice bibiri: rotor na stator.Rotor irimo icyuma na shitingi.Hano hari ibyuma kuri moteri, hiyongereyeho disiki iringaniye hamwe nigice cya kashe.Umubiri nyamukuru wa stator ni isanduku (silinderi), kandi stator nayo itunganijwe hamwe na diffuzeri, kugoreka, igikoresho cyo kugaruka, umuyoboro winjira mu kirere, umuyoboro usohoka, hamwe na kashe imwe.Ihame ryakazi rya centrifugal compressor ni uko iyo moteri izunguruka ku muvuduko mwinshi, gaze irazunguruka nayo.Mubikorwa byimbaraga za centrifugal, gaze ijugunywa muri diffuzeri inyuma, hanyuma hashyizweho akarere ka vacuum.Muri iki gihe, gaze nshya hanze muri moteri.Imashini izunguruka ubudahwema, kandi gaze ihora yinjizwa kandi ikajugunywa hanze, bityo bikomeza kugenda gazi.
Centrifugal air compressors yishingikiriza kumihindagurikire yingufu za kinetic kugirango yongere umuvuduko wa gaze.Iyo rotor ifite ibyuma (ni ukuvuga uruziga rukora) ruzunguruka, ibyuma bitwara gaze kuzunguruka, kwimura imirimo kuri gaze, no gutuma gaze ibona ingufu za kinetic.Nyuma yo kwinjira mu gice cya stator, kubera kwaguka kwinshi kwa stator, umutwe wumuvuduko wumuvuduko wumutwe uhindurwamo umuvuduko ukenewe, umuvuduko uragabanuka, kandi umuvuduko uriyongera.Mugihe kimwe, ikoresha imbaraga zo kuyobora igice cya stator kugirango yinjire mucyiciro gikurikira cya moteri kugirango ikomeze gutera imbere, kandi amaherezo isohoka muri volute..Kuri buri compressor, kugirango ugere ku gishushanyo gisabwa igitutu gisabwa, buri compressor ifite umubare utandukanye wibyiciro nibice, ndetse bigizwe na silinderi nyinshi.
② Centrifugal air compressor imyanda inzira yo kugarura ubushyuhe
Centrifuges muri rusange inyura mubyiciro bitatu byo kwikuramo.Icyiciro cya mbere nicyakabiri cyumuyaga ucanye ntabwo bikwiranye no kugarura imyanda bitewe nubushyuhe bwumuvuduko numuvuduko.Mubisanzwe, kugarura ubushyuhe bwimyanda bikorwa kumurongo wa gatatu wumwuka uhumanye, kandi hagomba kongerwamo umwuka nyuma yumuyaga, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 8. Byerekana ko iyo impera ishyushye idakeneye gukoresha ubushyuhe, umwuka wugarijwe ukonjeshwa nta bigira ingaruka kumikorere ya sisitemu.
Ubundi buryo bwo kugarura ubushyuhe bwimyanda ikonjesha amazi akonje
Kuri compressor zo mu kirere nka mashini zashizwemo amavuta akonje, imashini zidafite amavuta, hamwe na centrifuges, usibye kugarura ubushyuhe bwimyanda yo guhindura imiterere yimbere, birashoboka kandi guhindura byimazeyo umuyoboro wamazi akonje kugirango ugere kumyanda ubushyuhe udahinduye imiterere yumubiri.Gusubiramo.
Mugushiraho pompe ya kabiri kumuyoboro wogukonjesha amazi akonjesha ya compressor de air, amazi akonje yinjizwa mubice nyamukuru bya pompe yubushyuhe bwamazi, kandi sensor yubushyuhe bwinjirira mumashanyarazi nyamukuru ihindura amashanyarazi inzira eshatu. kugenga valve mugihe nyacyo cyo kugenzura ubushyuhe bwinjira bwumuyaga mugihe runaka.Hamwe nagaciro kagenwe, amazi ashyushye kuri 50 ~ 55 ° C arashobora kubyara binyuze mumashanyarazi yamashanyarazi.
Niba nta mazi ashyushye afite ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, icyuma gishyushya isahani nacyo gishobora guhuzwa mukurikirane mukuzunguruka kwamazi akonje ya compressor de air.Amazi akonje cyane yo guhanahana amazi ahindura ubushyuhe namazi yoroshye ava mumazi yoroshye, ntabwo bigabanya ubushyuhe bwamazi yimbere gusa, ahubwo binongera ubushyuhe bwamazi yo hanze.
Amazi ashyushye abikwa mu kigega cyo kubika amazi ashyushye, hanyuma akoherezwa mu rusobe rushyushye kugira ngo akoreshwe aho hakenewe isoko y’ubushyuhe buke.
